As the United States transitions toward advanced energy and transportation, the nation (and indeed the world) will witness exponential growth in demand for energy storage. Lithium-ion batteries are key to this development, accounting for more than 99% of electric vehicle (EV) batteries and 90% of utility-scale storage in 2021. China currently dominates nearly every aspect of the lithium-ion supply chain, enjoying the ensuing economic and strategic advantages that come with it. For the U.S. to upend this dynamic and build a domestic storage industry, the first step is understanding the battery supply chain and identifying opportunities for disruption, from responsible sourcing and recycling of materials to support for domestic manufacturing. There is no time to lose.