There’s a saying in the West: “The whiskey’s for drinking and the water’s for fighting.” As evidence has mounted that existing interstate compacts for water transfers from upstream states to downstream states were struck during historically wet years, concern has grown over water shortages due to changing climate conditions. As a result, states in the Southwest, especially, have begun to examine the nexus between water consumption and energy.
Water and energy interact in both consumption and generation. An enormous amount of energy is used for drinking water and wastewater treatment. And an enormous amount of water is used in most forms of electricity generation – but not all.
The California Energy Commission conducted a study that determined 20% of electricity consumption in California is related to pumping, treating and transporting water. Therefore, the commission determined, it was appropriate for energy conservation money to be used for water demand reduction – less water used, less energy consumed. As utilities look for new ways to reach energy efficiency performance objectives, making water infrastructure more efficient is one promising pathway.